Gupakira ibiryo birambye: Ubuyobozi bugereranya kuri plastiki na aluminium

Mubihe aho imyumvire yibidukikije ihindura amahitamo yabaguzi, inganda zipakira zihura ninzira ikomeye: guhitamo hagati yibikoresho bibiri byiganjemo ibiryo-plastike (PP / PET) na aluminiyumu yamabara. Iki kibazo, kizwi ku izina rya 'Sustainability Paradox, ' gisiga abaguzi n’ubucuruzi baguye mu mutego hagati ya 'ubwoba bwa plastiki ' (impungenge z’umwanda n’ingaruka z’ubuzima) na 'gukoresha ingufu za aluminiyumu ' (impungenge z’ikirenge cya karuboni). Kugira ngo tugabanye urujijo, tuzagereranya ibyo bikoresho byombi imbonankubone, twibanda ku mibereho yabo, ingaruka ku bidukikije, n'imikorere ifatika. Dore ibyingenzi byingenzi, byashyizwe ahagaragara kugirango bisobanuke: Niba ubukungu bwigihe kirekire buzenguruka arintego, aluminium iratsinda; niba umusaruro umwe wa karubone ikirenge aricyo cyambere, plastike ifite impande. Ariko kuramba kwukuri biterwa numubare wongeye gukoreshwa.

Plastike: Igiciro Cyinshi Inyuma Yoroheje

Plastike (cyane cyane PP na PET) imaze igihe kinini ari inkingi yo gupakira ibiryo, kandi gukundwa kwayo guturuka kumusaruro udashidikanywaho nibyiza byo gukora. Ku bijyanye no gukora bwa mbere, plastiki isaba ingufu nke cyane nogukoresha amazi-munsi ya aluminium-bigatuma ihitamo igiciro cyinshi kubyara umusaruro. Kubijyanye no gukoreshwa, ni byiza cyane mugushiraho ikimenyetso, gukorera mu mucyo (kwemerera abaguzi kubona ibirimo), hamwe nuburemere bworoshye, bigabanya gukoresha lisansi mugihe cyo gutwara, inyungu ntoya ariko igaragara kubidukikije.

Nyamara izi perks zizana ibiciro byubuzima n’ubuzima bikabije, cyane cyane microplastique na downcycling - ijambo ryibanze rya SEO ryerekana amakosa yibanze ya plastike. Ndetse na plastiki yo mu rwego rwibiryo, iyo ishyutswe (nko muri microwave) cyangwa igashira mugukoresha inshuro nyinshi, irashobora kurekura microplastique, uduce duto dushobora kwinjira mubiribwa tukinjira mumubiri wumuntu, hamwe ningaruka zigihe kirekire kubuzima. Ikirushijeho kuba kibi, ikirango cya '' recyclable 'kuri plastiki gikunze kuyobya kubera kumanuka: bitandukanye na aluminium, plastike irashobora gukoreshwa inshuro 1-2 gusa mbere yuko ubuziranenge bwayo butangirika ku buryo budasubirwaho, bigahinduka imyanda bikarangirira mu myanda cyangwa mu nyanja. Fondasiyo ya Ellen MacArthur ivuga ko munsi ya 30% by'ibikoresho bipfunyika bya pulasitiki mu by'ukuri bitunganyirizwa ku isi hose, aho usanga benshi binjira muri sisitemu yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa bifunguye aho bimanurwa kugeza ku bicuruzwa bifite agaciro gake nk'imyenda cyangwa ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, ntibizongere gukoreshwa ukundi.

Aluminiyumu y'amabara: Inyenyeri y'Ubukungu Buzenguruka

Ibara rya aluminiyumu, bitandukanye, irabagirana nka nyampinga wubukungu bwizunguruka - kimwe mubikoresho bike bishobora gutunganywa 100% bitarondoreka nta gutakaza ubuziranenge. Ubu bushobozi butagira ingano bwo gusubiramo ni umukino uhindura umukino: buri kintu cya aluminiyumu ukoresha uyumunsi kirashobora gushonga hanyuma kigahinduka gishya, byongeye kandi, nta gutakaza imikorere. Inyungu z’ibidukikije ziratangaje: gutunganya aluminiyumu bizigama 95% yingufu zisabwa kugirango habeho aluminiyumu yambere muri bauxite, bigabanya cyane ikirenge cyacyo cya karubone mugihe runaka. Nk’uko EPA ibivuga, 75% bya aluminiyumu yigeze ikorwa iracyakwirakwizwa muri iki gihe, ibyo bikaba byerekana ko ishobora gukoreshwa neza.

Kurenga ibyangombwa byayo, aluminiyumu yamabara itanga ubuzima bwiza numutekano. Bitandukanye na plastiki, ntabwo irimo BPA (bisphenol A) cyangwa indi miti yangiza ishobora kwinjira mu biryo. Ibifuniko by'amabara kubikoresho bya aluminiyumu bigezweho - mubisanzwe bikoreshwa hifashishijwe ikorana buhanga-birahamye cyane, ntabwo ari uburozi, kandi birwanya gukata cyangwa gukuramo. Birumvikana ko aluminiyumu idafite inenge: ubucukuzi bwa bauxite, isoko yambere ya aluminiyumu, bushobora guteza iyangirika ry’ubutaka, harimo gutema amashyamba ndetse n’isuri, nkuko bigaragara mu mishinga y’ubucukuzi ku isi. Byongeye kandi, umusaruro wacyo wa mbere ufite ikirenge kinini cyane cya karuboni-hejuru cyane ya plastiki-hamwe na aluminiyumu imwe ishobora gutanga impuzandengo ya kg 0,105 CO2e kuri 100ml, nk’uko imibare y’inganda ibigaragaza.

Isuzuma ryubuzima (LCA) Kugereranya

Kugirango usobanukirwe neza kuramba kwa plastike yo mu rwego rwa ibiryo na aluminiyumu y'amabara, gusuzuma ubuzima (LCA) ni ngombwa. Hasi nimbonerahamwe ngufi igereranya imikorere yingenzi nibipimo byibidukikije:

Ikibazo Cyingenzi: Ese Pigment na Coatings Zibabaza Aluminium?

Ikibazo gikunze guhangayikishwa na aluminiyumu y'amabara ni ukumenya niba ibishishwa byayo cyangwa pigment bibangamira gutunganya cyangwa kubangamira ubuzima. Igisubizo kiroroshye: ibikoresho bya kijyambere bya aluminiyumu bifashisha tekinoroji igezweho, aho igipfundikizo gikoreshwa muburyo bworoshye, bumwe buhuza cyane hejuru ya aluminium. Iyi shitingi ntishobora gukuramo mugihe cyo kuyikoresha cyangwa kuyitunganya - iyo aluminiyumu yashonga, iyo shitingi irashya nta nkomyi, hasigara aluminiyumu yongeye gukoreshwa. Ibara ryakoreshejwe ntabwo rifite uburozi kandi ryangiza ibiribwa, ryemeza ko ritinjira mu biryo cyangwa ngo ryanduze imigezi ikoreshwa neza. Ibi bivuze ko aluminiyumu yamabara ikomeza inyungu zayo kubidukikije bitabangamiye umutekano cyangwa kongera gukoreshwa.

Icyemezo: Wakagombye guhitamo ute?

Kuramba ntabwo arikintu kimwe-gihuza-igitekerezo cyose, kandi guhitamo neza biterwa nuburyo ukoresha. Kugirango tworoshe, twateguye formulaire ya zahabu yo kuramba: Kuramba = (Igipimo cyo Gusubiramo Ibikoresho × Ubuzima bwa serivisi) / Gukoresha ingufu za mbere. Iyi formula yerekana ko imikoreshereze yigihe kirekire nogusubiramo akenshi iruta ikiguzi cyambere.

Hitamo aluminiyumu y'amabara niba: Urateganya gukoresha kontineri imyaka 3 cyangwa irenga, cyangwa niba ukeneye gushyushya cyangwa guhagarika ibiryo. Kuramba kwayo, gusubiramo ibintu bitagira akagero, numutekano bituma biba byiza gukoreshwa igihe kirekire, kandi igipimo cyacyo cyo kongera gutunganya ibicuruzwa bikuraho ikirenge cya mbere cya karubone mugihe runaka.

Hitamo plastike niba: Ukeneye igisubizo cyoroheje, igisubizo cyigihe gito (nkurugendo cyangwa gukoresha inshuro imwe), kandi urashobora kwemeza ko cyinjiye muri sisitemu yo gufunga ibintu. Gufunga-gufunga-gusubiramo-aho plastiki ikoreshwa muburyo bumwe bwibicuruzwa-igumana agaciro kayo, nubwo ikiri kugarukira kuri 3-5 mbere yo kumanuka. Irinde plastike imwe rukumbi idashobora gukoreshwa, kuko igira uruhare mubibazo by’umwanda ku isi.

Ibibazo: Ibibazo Rusange Kubijyanye no gupakira ibiryo

Ikibazo: Ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu birashobora gukoreshwa muri microwave?

Igisubizo: Mubisanzwe, ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu ntibisabwa gukoreshwa na microwave, kuko bishobora kwerekana microwave kandi bigatera umuriro. Nyamara, ibikoresho bimwe bya kijyambere bya aluminiyumu byashizweho hamwe na microwave-umutekano-buri gihe ugenzura ikirango mbere yo gukoresha. Ntuzigere ukoresha ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu byangiritse cyangwa bikonjesha muri microwave, kuko ibyo bishobora kugutera kumera cyangwa kumiti.

Ikibazo: Nuburozi niba ibara rya aluminiyumu rifite ibara ryashize?

Igisubizo: Oya. Ibizunguruka bigezweho bikoreshwa kuri aluminiyumu yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ntabwo ari uburozi kandi birinda ibiryo. Niba igipfundikizo gikuyemo (ibintu bidasanzwe hamwe nibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge), aluminiyumu iri munsi iracyafite umutekano kubiryo. Ariko, gukuramo bishobora kwerekana ibyangiritse kuri kontineri, nibyiza rero guhagarika kuyikoresha kugirango wirinde kwambara.

Ikibazo: Kuki igipimo cyo gutunganya plastike kiri hasi cyane?

Igisubizo: Igipimo cyo gutunganya ibicuruzwa bya plastiki kiri hasi kubera ibintu byinshi: gutondekanya abaguzi nabi, kubura ibikorwa remezo bitunganyirizwa (cyane cyane mu turere dukiri mu nzira y'amajyambere), hamwe n’imbogamizi zo kugabanuka. Amashanyarazi menshi asubirwamo muri sisitemu ifunguye, aho ihindurwamo ibicuruzwa bifite agaciro gake bidashobora kongera gukoreshwa. Byongeye kandi, gupakira ibintu byoroshye bya pulasitiki - bumwe mu bwoko bwa plastiki bukura vuba - biragoye cyane kubitunganya, hamwe n’igipimo kinini cyo kumeneka mu myanda no mu nyanja.

Mu mpaka hagati ya plastike yo mu rwego rwa ibiryo na aluminiyumu y'amabara, nta guhitamo neza - ariko hariho irambye. Mugushira imbere gukoreshwa no gutunganya ibintu, turashobora kugabanya ingaruka zidukikije kubyo twahisemo gupakira. Kubikoresha igihe kirekire, amabara ya aluminiyumu yubukungu azenguruka bituma atsinda neza; kubikenewe byigihe gito, plastike irashobora guhitamo inshingano gusa iyo itunganijwe neza. Ubwanyuma, kuramba kwukuri biri muburyo dukoresha kandi tugakoresha ibikoresho duhitamo, ntabwo ari ibikoresho ubwabo.