Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa Alloy na Hardness bukwiye guhitamo kumirongo ya Aluminiyumu y'amabara ikoreshwa cyane cyane mubikoresho byo mu gikoni?

Uruziga rw'amabara ya aluminiyumu, ruzwi kandi nka disiki ya aluminiyumu isize amabara, ni ibikoresho by'ibanze byo gukora ibishishwa bitarimo inkoni, inkono y'isupu y'amabara, amasahani yo gutekamo n'ibindi bikoresho byo mu gikoni byo mu rugo. Bitandukanye na disiki zisanzwe za aluminiyumu, zisaba kubahiriza byombi ibipimo byumutekano wibiribwa, kuramba hejuru yamabara yometse hejuru, gushushanya neza kwimbitse hamwe nigihe kirekire cyo kurwanya ruswa mugihe gikoni cyuzuye, acide kandi cyamavuta. Guhitamo nabi amanota ya aluminiyumu hamwe nubushyuhe bukabije bizaganisha ku nenge zisanzwe nko gutwikisha ibishishwa, gutobora umubiri winkono, kumanura hasi hamwe nicyuma cya ion mugihe cyo guteka igihe kirekire. Iyi ngingo isesengura isesengura rusange rya aluminiyumu hamwe nubukomezi ku isoko kandi ikanasobanura neza uburyo bwiza bwo guhuza igikoni cyihariye cya aluminiyumu.

1. Kugenzura Ibipimo Byigikoni-Urwego rwamabara ya Aluminium Uruziga

Ibipimo bitatu bidashobora kuganirwaho bigenga guhitamo ibishishwa bikoreshwa mu guteka-gukoresha amabara ya aluminiyumu: icya mbere, kubahiriza FDA 21 CFR 175.300 na EU 10/2011 / Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi kugira ngo wirinde imvura yangiza iyo uhuye n’isosi y'inyanya, vinegere hamwe n’amavuta y’ubushyuhe bwinshi; icya kabiri, uburinganire bwuburinganire bujyanye na polyester (PE) hamwe na PVDF ibara ryamabara; icya gatatu, kuringaniza ubushyuhe bwumuriro buhuye nibisabwa byo guteka buri munsi. Ibice bitatu bya alloy bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byo guteka: 1xxx ya aluminiyumu yuzuye, 3xxx aluminium-manganese ikomatanya hamwe na 5xxx aluminium-magnesium.

1.1 1060 Aluminiyumu Yuzuye: Guhitamo Ibikoresho byo mu rugo byoroheje

Amavuta 1060 hamwe na 99,6% byibuze bya aluminiyumu niyo nzira ihendutse cyane kubikoresho byo mu gikoni bishushanyije bitagabanije nk'ibikoresho byo gutekesha bito hamwe n'amasafuriya y’amata. Itanga ubushyuhe bwumuriro wa 237 W / (m · K), isumba izindi mu bikoresho bya aluminiyumu itetse, ituma ubushyuhe bwa 15% bwihuta burenze 3xxx kandi bikagabanya ubushyuhe bwaho bwangiza ibara ryubururu. Imiterere yacyo ya ultra-yera ituma amabara ahinduka nyuma yo gutwikisha uruziga no gukiza, bikuraho gutandukana kw'ibara ryahinduwe mu musaruro wibyiciro. Nyamara, 1060 ifite imbaraga nke zingutu, bigatuma ikunda guhora iva munsi yinkurikizi ziva hanze, ntabwo rero ishobora gukoreshwa mubikoresho byimbitse bikikijwe cyane nkibikoresho bitetse nka woks.

1.2 3003 Aluminium-Manganese Amavuta: Inganda Zikunzwe Kumurongo Wose

3003 ya aluminiyumu irimo 1.0% manganese niwo wiganje cyane kumuzingi wamabara ya aluminiyumu yibikoresho byo mu gikoni, ukaba urenga 75% byibikoresho byo guteka ku isi. Ugereranije na 1060, ibintu bya manganese byongera imbaraga zingana na 30% naho kurwanya ingirabuzimafatizo hagati ya 45%, bikarwanya neza ruswa iterwa no guhanagura inshuro nyinshi hamwe nudukoko twa alkaline. Igumana 92% ya 1060 yubushyuhe bwumuriro, irahagije kuri buri munsi gukaranga no guteka. Ikirushijeho kunenga, 3003 ifite ihindagurika ryimbitse-irinda: irinda gucikamo inkombe no gutwikira mugihe cyo gutera intambwe nyinshi kumibiri ya wok yagoramye, bikunze kunanirwa 1060 mugihe cyo gushushanya byimbitse. Hagati aho, ubuso bwacyo nyuma yo kuzunguruka bihuye neza nibisabwa kugirango uhuze amabara ya PE, hamwe no kurwanya ibishishwa byatsinze amasaha 500 yo gupima umunyu utabogamye.

1.3 5052 Aluminium-Magnesium Alloy: Niche Yisumbuye-Ihitamo

5052 ibishishwa biranga imbaraga zisumba izindi kandi birwanya ruswa ariko ntibisabwa kubikoresho bisanzwe byigikoni cyamabara. Igice cya magnesium gitera kwinjiza ibara ridahuye mugihe cyo gukiza amabara, bikaviramo kugabanuka kwa chromatic kugabanuka hejuru yinkono yagoramye. Byongeye kandi, guhindagurika kwayo kwongera igipimo cyo gukuraho kashe hafi 20%. Birakwiriye gusa kubikoresho bidasanzwe byo hanze byo mu gikoni ibikoresho byo mu gikoni byerekanwe n'umunyu mwinshi hamwe n’ibidukikije byo ku nkombe.

2. Optimization of Hardness Temper Matching for Colored Aluminum Circles

Ubukomezi bwa Aluminium buvuga (tempers) bugaragaza mu buryo butaziguye mbere yo gutwikira no gushushanya nyuma yo kurangi. Ibipimo bine byingenzi (O, H12, H14, H16) byageragejwe kubyara amabara atetse, hamwe nibitandukaniro bitandukanye.

2.1 O Ubushyuhe (Bishyizwe hamwe): Kurandura ibyago byinshi byo gutwikira amabara

O ubushyuhe bwa aluminiyumu ifite ubukana bwa Brinell munsi ya 28 HB hamwe no guhindagurika kwinshi gushushanya cyane. Nubwo bimeze bityo, imiterere yoroshye yintete iganisha kuri micro-scratches mugihe cyohereza amabara yikora. Utuntu duto duto tuzongerwaho nyuma yo gukiza amabara, gusenya isura nziza. Byongeye kandi, imibiri ya O-ubushyuhe ikunda kwibasirwa munsi yo gushyushya amashyiga maremare, bityo rero ntibakuweho rwose kubicuruzwa bisize amabara nubwo byakozwe neza.

2.2 H14 Ubushyuhe: Ubukomezi bwiza kubikoresho bisanzwe byamabara

Bihujwe na 3003 alloy, H14 ubushyuhe hamwe na Brinell ubukana buri hagati ya 40 na 45 HB bugera kuburinganire bwiza mubikorwa byose. Uhereye ku buryo bwo gukora, ishyigikira gushushanya ubujyakuzimu bugera kuri 3.2 z'uburebure bwa diametre idafite inkeke cyangwa guturika, bitwikiriye ibintu byose bisanzwe wok, isupu hamwe nisafuriya isabwa. Urebye kuri coating, uburinganire bwacyo buringaniye burwanya ibishushanyo mbonera mugihe cyo kwihuta kwamabara, bikomeza ibara risa neza. Muri serivisi, ibikoresho bya H14-ubushyuhe bwibara rya aluminiyumu bifite 3H hejuru yubushyuhe bwo hejuru, bushobora kurwanya ubukana bwa buri munsi hamwe na spatula yimbaho ​​na silicone idafite ibara. Kumashanyarazi 1060 akoreshwa mumashanyarazi atetse, ubushyuhe bwa H12 (32-38 HB) nuguhitamo gusimbuza kwirinda gukabya gukabije guterwa no guterwa kashe.

2.3 H16 / H18 Ubushyuhe bukomeye: Gukoresha bidasanzwe

Ubushyuhe bwa H16 na H18 hamwe nuburemere buri hejuru ya 55 HB butanga uburyo bwiza bwo kurwanya amenyo ariko bukagira ibibazo bidahagije. Birashobora gukoreshwa gusa mubidafite igikonjo-cyashushanyijeho ibikoresho byo mu gikoni nk'ibipfundikizo by'inkono hamwe na tray yo kubika ubushyuhe. Kugerageza gukora ibikoresho byimbitse bigoramye hamwe na H16 / H18 burigihe bitera gutwikisha ibice hamwe no kuvunika kwa aluminium.

3. Umwanzuro wuzuye wo gutoranya no kugenzura inganda

Gukomatanya umutekano wibiryo, isura nziza, umusaruro utunganijwe hamwe nigihe kirekire cya serivise, gahunda yibanze yibanze kumuzingi wa aluminiyumu yibikoresho byo mugikoni cya buri munsi ni 3003 ivanze hamwe nubushyuhe bwa H14 . Kubikoresho byoroheje byoroshye-urukuta rw'ibikoresho byo guteka bifite imbaraga nkeya, ubundi buryo ni 1060 buvanze hamwe na H12 ubushyuhe. Ibikoresho bidasanzwe byo kurwanya ruswa birwanya ruswa birashobora gukoresha 5052-H14 hamwe nuburyo bwihariye bwo gutwikira amabara kugirango ubashe gukuraho inenge ya chromatic aberration.

Inganda ziva mu Bushinwa zikora ubusa zerekana ko gukoresha uruziga rwa aluminiyumu 3003-H14 bigabanya igipimo cyo gutsindwa nyuma y’umusaruro ku kigero cya 62% naho nyuma yo kugurisha ibirego by’amenyo ku gipimo cya 71% ugereranije n’ibikoresho 1060-H12. Ibicuruzwa byujuje ibyangombwa byose hamwe byujuje ibyokurya byumutekano wibiribwa hamwe nibisaza byo gusaza, hamwe no kurwanya ibara rirenga imyaka 5 mugihe gikoreshwa murugo.

4. Inyandiko zinyongera zihuza

Byose byatoranijwe hamwe nubushyuhe bigomba guhuza ubushyuhe buke bwo gukiza ibara. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwo gukiza buzatera impagarara zimbere muri H14-ubushyuhe bwa aluminium substrate, biganisha kumubiri wibikoresho byoroshye. Byongeye kandi, uruziga rw'amabara ya aluminiyumu yo gutekesha ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa induction bigomba kugumana igipimo cya 3003-H14 nta guhinduranya gukomeye, kuko gukomera gukabije bigabanya imbaraga za magnetiki induction.